Local SEO is promoting a business for place-based queries: 'coffee shop near me', 'dentist in Austin'. The goal is to appear on the map and in Google's local results when someone searches near them.
Three pillars: Google Business Profile (your card in Maps and Search), NAP consistency (Name, Address, Phone must match everywhere) and reviews. For a local business the profile often brings more customers than the website itself.
NAP is your name, address and phone. If the site shows one phone, Maps another and a directory a third, Google stops trusting the data and pushes you down in local results. The same data everywhere is a simple but powerful signal.
Fresh reviews are one of the strongest local factors. What matters is not only count and rating but regularity: if no new reviews come in for a few weeks, map positions slip. Reply to reviews too - that also signals a living business.
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